Amoxicillin: Amoxicillin is a penicillin G derivative and is a cell wall synthesis inhibitor with a broad spectrum of bactericidal activity against many gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. Amoxicillin has a long half-life and can be given twice daily and has a wide therapeutic index. Amoxicillin stops glycosyltransferase and transpeptidase reactions by completely inhibiting penicillin-binding protein 1 that lead to cross-linking of D-alanine and D-aspartic acid in bacterial cell walls. By preventing this linkage, bacterial cell will unable to build and repair the cell wall, leading to bacteriocidal action.

Dicloxacillin is a beta-lactamase resistant penicillin similar to oxacillin. Dicloxacillin acts as bactericidal against penicillin-susceptible microorganisms when they are in multiplication state. Dicloxacillin binds to specific penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) present inside the bacterial cell wall and inhibits the third and last stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis, later autolytic enzymes such as autolysins initiate the cell lysis ultimately leading to cell death.