Cefpodoxime belongs to third generation cephalosporin and is used to treat a wide variety of bacterial infections including Gram positive and Gram negative bacterial infection. It is commonly used to treat acute otitis media, pharyngitis, and sinusitis. Clavulanic acid is beta lactamase inhibitor produced by Streptomyces clavuligerus. Clavulanic acid binds to and inactivates them thus preventing the destruction of cefuroxime that is a substrate for this enzyme. Clavulanic acid itself is a poor antimicrobial, but it is an irreversible binder of ß-lactamases produced by a wide range of gram positive and gram negative microorganism.
Gonorrhea
Otitis Media (OM)
Bacterial Infections
Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections
Uncomplicated skin and subcutaneous tissue bacterial infections
Streptococcal Pharyngitis
Streptococcal tonsillitis
Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP)
Cefpodoxime is broad spectrum cephalosporin active against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and is resistant to beta-lactamase enzymes. Cefpodoxime is inactivated by certain extended spectrum beta-lactamases. Cefpodoxime inhibits cell wall synthesis and shows bactericidal action. The active metabolite of cefpodoxime binds preferentially to penicillin binding protein 3, which inhibits production of peptidoglycan, the primary constituent of bacterial cell walls.
Clavulanic acid is a beta-lactamase inhibitor. Clavulanic acid combined with other antibiotics is indicated to prevent the development of drug-resistant strains of bacteria and promotes their therapeutic antibacterial effects. Beta-lactam ring in clavulanic acid binds in an irreversible manner to beta-lactamases, preventing them from inactivating certain beta-lactam antibiotics, with efficacy in treating susceptible gram-positive and gram-negative infections.
Cefpodoxime:When 100mg of drug is administered orally, about 50% of the drug is absorbed and the volume of distribution is 33.2 L. Only negligible amount is metabolised and approximately 29 to 33% is excreted unchanged in the urine within 12 hours. The half-life of cefpodoxime is 2.09 to 2.84 hours.
Clavulanic acid: It is well orally absorbed and volume of distribution is 12L. About 40 to 65% of the clavulanic acid is excreted as unchanged drug in urine and the half-life is 45-90 minutes.
Common side effect includes:
Severe stomach pain
Diarrhea
Shortness of breath
Fever
Swollen glands
Rash or itching
Joint pain
Dose should be adjusted in hepatic and renal impairment
Not to be used in patients with cephalosporin hypersensitivity
| Cefpodoxime | 200 mg |
| Clavulanic Acid | 125 mg |